HISTORY
With the help of Bidhan Chandra Roy (chief minister of West Bengal), Indian educationalists Humayun Kabir and Jogendra Singh formed a committee in 1946 to consider the creation of higher technical institutions "for post-war industrial development of India. This was followed by the creation of a 22-member committee headed by Nalini Ranjan Sarkar. In its interim report, the Sarkar Committee recommended the establishment of higher technical institutions in India, along the lines of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. with affiliated secondary institutions. The report urged that work should start with the speedy establishment of major institutions in the four quarters of the country with the ones in the east and the west to be set up immediately.
The name "Indian Institute of Technology" was adopted before the formal inauguration of the institute on 18 August 1951 by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. On 15 September 1956, the Parliament of India passed the Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur) Act declaring it an Institute of National Importance. Prime Minister Nehru, gave the first convocation address of IIT Kharagpur in 1956.
Motto
The motto of IIT Kharagpur is "Yoga Karmashu Kaushalam" in Sanskrit. The motto literally translates to "Excellence in action is Yoga" essentially implying that doing your work well is (true) yoga. It is sourced to Sri Krishna's discourse to Arjuna in Bhagavad Gita. This quote in its larger context of Gita urges man to acquire equanimity because such a soul endowed with the mind of equanimity allows him to shed the effects of his good and evil deeds in this world itself. Equanimity is the source of perfection in Karmic endeavors while leading to Salvation.Campus
The 21 student hostels are located on either side of Scholars Avenue, which extends from the institute gate to the B. C. Roy Technology Hospital. The three earliest halls—Patel, Azad, and Nehru—together constitute the PAN loop or Old Campus, which is located just next to Scholar's Avenue. There are nine hostels for undergraduate male students (MMM, RP, RK, MS, LLR, HJB, Patel, Azad and Nehru) and one for undergraduate female students (SN). Another hostel for women has been constructed.Two new hostels — Ambedkar Hostel and Lal Bahadur Shastri Hostel — were completed by mid-2011.There are a few post-graduate students' hostels including two for women and two hostels for research scholars (BCR and JCB) and a separate hostel for scholars from the armed forces.The Jnan Ghosh stadium and Tata Sports Complex host large-scale sports competitions. The Tagore Open Air Theatre has a capacity of 3,000 people, and is used to host cultural programs. The Science and Technology Entrepreneurs' Park (STEP) provides infrastructure facilities to alumni who want to become entrepreneurs but lack infrastructure to start their own corporation.
In addition to the main campus at Kharagpur, the institute has an extension centre at Kolkata to provide venues for continuing education programmes, distance learning courses, and guesthouse accommodation. The institute plans to expand the Kolkata extension centre at Rajarhat, and use it to offer full-time undergraduate and postgraduate courses from the 2008 session onwards.The 10-acre (40,000 m2) Rajarhat campus will house 2,500 students, and will eventually expand to 250 acres (1.0 km2).The institute's plan for a similar branch campus of 200 acres (0.81 km2) in Bhubaneswar was scrapped following rejection by the Union Human Resource and Development ministry.
Academic buildings
The institute main building houses most of the administrative offices, the lecture halls, and two auditoriums on either side. The signage at the front displays the message," Dedicated to the service of the nation." The tower of the main building has a steel tank with 10,000 imperial gallons of water capacity for emergency supply needs. The Netaji Auditorium in the main building is used for official functions and events, and doubles as a cinema theatre on weekend nights, showing movies to the IIT community at subsidised rates.
IIT Kharagpur's first library was located in a small room of the institute's Old Building (Shaheed Bhawan). At the time of its opening in 1951, the library had a collection of 2,500 books. Now located in the main building of the institute, the Central Library is one of the largest of its type. Its collection includes over 350,000 books and documents, and it subscribes to more than 1,600 printed and online journals and conference proceedings.
The library has six halls and a section exclusively for SC and ST students. The library's collection consists of books, reports, conference proceedings, back volumes of periodicals, standards, theses, micro-forms, CD-ROMs, floppies, and audio-visual material. The library's transaction service is automated and online searches are possible through an Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC). The Electronic Library section has a collection of databases, video lectures and miscellaneous other resources.
The Nehru Museum of Science and Technology has over a hundred indoor exhibits that include technical models collected from institutions across India. The park outside the museum contains 14 open-air demonstrations and outdoor exhibits, including a hunter plane and a steam engine. The museum has an archive room, showing documents relating to the history of the institute and West Midnapore district.The Rural Museum, located in the Rural Development Centre of the institute, has a collection of exhibits in local culture.
Civic amenities
The institute campus has six guest houses, a civic hospital, four nationalised banks, four schools, a railway reservation counter and a police station. The campus has a water pumping station, electrical sub-station, telephone exchange, a market, six restaurants, and a garbage disposal section for the daily needs of the residents.Construction is going on for another guest house and a convention centre having a capacity of 2,000. The institute draws its supply of water from wells near the Kosai river(located 112 kilometres away from institute) by harnessing sub-surface water. Three deep wells near the institute supplement the supply from the river. The water is supplied by a 16-inch (410 mm) pipeline to 12 tanks in the campus with a total capacity of 2,800,000 litres (615,000 imperial gallons). However students have recently shown dissatisfaction with the current level of amenities, especially the civic hospital, forcing the director to resign.IIT Kharagpur is located just outside the town of Kharagpur, in the Hijli village. The civic amenities provided to the campus of IIT Kharagpur make it nearly self-sufficient with regards to the basic needs of the residents. As Kharagpur is a small town, there is limited direct interaction between the campus community and the town. There is also little opportunity for the employment of family members of the faculty. Unlike some other IITs (such as IIT Bombay), IIT Kharagpur does not restrict outsiders' entry into the campus.IIT Kharagpur provides much of its benefits to the local community through the Rural Development Centre (RDC) located in the campus. Established in 1975, the RDC helps the local community by developing customised technologies.The RDC also co-ordinates the National Service Scheme (NSS) programs in IIT Kharagpur, with the members of NSS taking part in weekly community service activities such as sanitation, road construction, teaching and building educational models.
In 2005, IIT Kharagpur started construction of a boundary wall for the security of the campus, which is now complete. Mild restrictions apply to entry of outside vehicles. The boundary wall was opposed by the local community as it would hinder their access to amenities provided by the institute. Campus residents have also been denied direct access to the adjoining Hijli railway station as a result of this wall. The local community also opposes the construction of a flyover from the railway station to the campus, as it would lead to substantial losses of opportunity for the shops along the roads. The construction of the 1052.69 m long flyover has been approved by the Indian Railways and West Bengal state government. It will be formally called Hijli Road overbridge, and will be constructed for estimated cost of Rs. 237 million ($ 5.3 million).
Academics
Admission to undergraduate programmes in all IITs was tied to the Indian Institute of Technology Joint Entrance Examination (IIT-JEE) but now it has changedto ISEET from 2013. Candidates who qualify for admission through ISEET can apply for admission in four year B.Tech. (Bachelor of Technology), five year B.Arch. degree, five year Dual Degree (Integrated Bachelor of Technology and Master of Technology) and five year integrated M.Sc. (Master of Sciences) courses at IIT Kharagpur. The admissions to postgraduate programmes (M.Tech.) are made primarily through the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE). Other postgraduate entrance exams include Joint Admission to M.Sc. (JAM) for M.Sc., and Common Admission Test (CAT) conducted by IIMs for management studies.
15% of the seats are reserved for students belonging to Scheduled Castes (SC) and 7.5% for Scheduled Tribes (ST). As of 2008, 27% separate reservation exists for the Other Backward Classes.
IIT Kharagpur is a member of LAOTSE, a network of universities in Europe and Asia exchanging students and senior scholars.
Undergraduate education
From the second year onwards, the students take courses offered by their departments that are known as depth courses. In addition to these, the students takef inter-disciplinary courses known as breadth courses. Separate courses from the humanities and social sciences (HSS) department, and management and information technology are also required. At the end of the third year, the B.Tech. and Dual Degree students undertake industrial training for a minimum period of eight working weeks as part of the undergraduate curriculum. In the final year of their studies, most of the students are offered jobs in industries and other organisations through the Training and Placement section of the institute. Some students opt out of this facility in favour of higher studies or by applying to recruiting organisations directly. In addition to the major degree as part of the undergraduate education, students can take courses from other departments, and by demonstrating knowledge of a discipline based on objectives set by the department, earn a minor in that department.
Postgraduate and doctoral education
IIT Kharagpur offers postgraduate programmes including Master of Technology (M.Tech.), Master of Business Administration (MBA), and Master of Sciences (M.Sc.). Some specialised post graduate programmes offered by IIT Kharagpur include Master of Human Resource Management (MHRM), Postgraduate Diploma in Information Technology (PGDIT), Master in Medical Science and Technology (MMST), Master of City Planning (MCP), Postgraduate Diploma in Intellectual Property Law (PGDIPL), and Postgraduate Diploma in Maritime Operation znd Management (PGDMOM). The institute offers the Doctor of Philosophy degree (Ph.D) as part of its doctoral education programme. The doctoral scholars are given a topic by the professor, or work on the consultancy projects sponsored by industry. The duration of the programme is usually unspecified and depends on the discipline. Ph.D scholars submit a dissertation as well as conduct an oral defence of their thesis. Teaching assistantships (TA) and research assistantships (RA) are provided based on the scholar's academic profile. IIT Kharagpur offers an M.S. (by research) programme; the M.Tech. and M.S. being similar to the US universities' non-thesis (course-based) and thesis (research-based) master programmes respectively.IIT Kharagpur (along with other IITs) offers Dual Degree programs that integrate undergraduate and postgraduate studies in selected pairs of branches and specialisations. Most of the Dual Degree programs involve specialisation in the major field of education of the student. For a dual degree involving an MBA from Vinod Gupta School of Management, the selection is made on the basis of an aptitude test of students across all engineering streams. The Dual Degree program spans five years as against six years in conventional B.Tech. (four years) followed by an M.Tech. or MBA (two years).
IIT Kharagpur has a management school (Vinod Gupta School of Management), an entrepreneurship school (Rajendra Mishra School of Engineering Entrepreneurship) and a law school (Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law) on its premises. The Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law has been opened in collaboration with George Washington University. The School of Medical Science and Technology in IIT kharagpur is the first and also the "only" of its kind in the country where M.B.B.S. graduates are trained in art and science of medical research with aim to provide a platform for interdisciplinary teaching and research in the field of medical science and technology.
Continuing education
The institute offers the Continuing Education Programme (CEP) for qualified engineers and scientists to learn technologies and developments in their academic disciplines. As part of CEP, the institute offers formal degree programmes (M.Tech and Ph.D) and an Early Faculty Induction Programme (EFIP) under the Quality Improvement Programme (QIP), short-term courses supported by the All India Council for Technical Education, self-financed short-term courses supported by course fees, and certificate courses conducted as distance education. In addition to conducting educational courses, the CEP develops model curricula for engineering education. As of 2006, the CEP has facilitated publication of 103 course curriculum books. The CEP administers SIMAP (Small Industries Management Assistant Programme) and STUP (Skill-cum-Technology Upgradation Programme) on behalf of IIT Kharagpur; the institute being a corpus institute of SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank of India).Sponsored research
Institutes and departments
Apart from routine engineering departments the institute also has some important research centers and schools,- Center for Educational Technology
- Center for Ocean, River, Atmosphere and Land Science (CORALs)
- G S Sanyal School of Telecommunications
- Rajendra Mishra School of Engineering Entrepreneurship
- Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law
- Ranbir and Chitra Gupta School of Infrastructure Design and Management
- Reliability Engineering Centre
- Rubber Technology Centre
- Rural Development Centre
- School of Medical Science and Technology
- School of Water Resources
- Vinod Gupta School of Management
Placements at IIT Kharagpur
The international placements began in 2006. IIT Kharagpur’s Vinod Gupta School of Management (VGSOM) had completed Vantage 2008, its annual recruitment programme, on a high note with a 30% increase in the average salary levels offered to the 121-strong batch, reports Sreeradha D Basu in Kolkata. According to IT magazine Dataquest’s annual survey, IIT Kharagpur is the second best technology college in terms of placement in India.This huge jump can be attributed to the fact that it is the first time in IIT Kharagpur’s history that students have been allowed to take up foreign placements by companies. “We, in fact, had a documented policy of not allowing foreign placements. This was overturned last year,” GS Sinha, former IIT Kgp’s placement in-charge, said. “Since all the other IITs were already allowing this, we wanted it to happen at IIT-Kharagpur as well,” he added.
“Since we got the permission a bit late last year, the kind of active marketing that was required did not happen. This year, we plan to plug into our alumni network and scale up the process in a much bigger way,” said Prof Sinha.
The top domestic compensation in 2008 came in at Rs 18 lakh per annum. In 2011 batch, Goldman Sachs recruited 10 students on a package of Rs. 26 lakhs per annum.
Barclays Capital recruited 11 students with a package of US $55,000(Rs.22 lacs./annum) in December 2009. The highest salary offered till now is Rs 1.7 crore by social networking site Facebook in an off-shore recruitment (of which Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) were offered valued at 1 crore). The 2010 batch of B.Tech students saw 94% placements while the remaining preferred IIMs or entrepreneurship.Deutsche Bank recruited 9 students on a package of 0.15 crore (US$27,150) lakhs per annum. For 2012 batch, Facebook has made the highest offer US$150,000 to four students.
Student life and culture
Undergraduate students choose between National Cadet Corps (NCC), National Service Scheme (NSS) and National Sports Organisation (NSO) for their first two years of study. IIT Kharagpur has common sports grounds for cricket, football, hockey, volleyball, lawn tennis, badminton, and athletics; and swimming pools for aquatic events. Most of the hostels have their own sports grounds. The institute organises an annual inter-collegiate sports and games meet in October
The students of IIT Kharagpur compete among themselves in various events held under the purview of open-IIT and inter-hall events, and the results of the latter contribute to the points that determine the winner of General Championship. The four categories in which General Championships are decided are Sports, Social and cultural activities, Technology, and Hall affairs. The women's hostel together participate as a single team in all events with the exception of sports, where women's team do not participate at inter-hall level. IIT Kharagpur participates in the Inter-IIT Sports Meet, held annually in one of the IITs by policy of rotation.
Students who violate the code of conduct of the institute have to defend themselves in front of the Hall Disciplinary Committee (HDC), which investigates the case and prescribes punishment if necessary. Students may appeal against the punishment to the Appellate-cum-Liaison Committee known as Inter Hall Disciplinary Committee (IHDC). The IHDC submits its recommendations to the Senate, which finalises the punishment. Extreme cases of indiscipline are referred directly to the IHDC. The IHDC is empowered to give punishments to students for acts of indiscretion committed anywhere in India. IIT Kharagpur has strict provisions dealing with physical and mental harassment of junior students (ragging). Students found harassing their juniors are suspended from the institute, without going through the Disciplinary Committee.
Entrepreneurship Cell
Entrepreneurship Cell (E-Cell) is a student's organisation, functioning under STEP (Science and Technology Entrepreneurs' Park), from within the Institute, with the aim of promoting entrepreneurship among students throughout India.It provides mentorship and support to startup companies and helps them with financing, through Venture Capitalists and incubation, through STEP and SRIC, IIT Kharagpur.It conducts two major events, the Global Entrepreneurship Summit(GES), which is a three-day event, held in January at the institute, and the Entrepreneurship Awareness Drive (EAD), a 20-day event, consisting of guest lectures in 20 cities across India. Knowledge Camp is conducted annually for the benefit of students within IIT-Kgp, while the Innovation Platform and Fund-aKGPian programs continue throughout the year, to recognise and support innovative ideas among students of IIT-Kgp, besides workshops and guest lectures throughout the year.
Prof. Sunil Handa, Padma Shri Prof. Anil K. Gupta, Sanjeev Bhikchandani, Vinod Dham, Arjun Malhotra, and Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw are some of the speakers who have delivered lectures within and outside IIT -Kgp.
E-Cell has been instrumental in the establishment of School of Engineering Entrepreneurship (SoEE). The E-Cell has played a key role in the Deferred Placement Programme (DPP), whereby, a student can opt for placement a year after the completion of his/her course, in case they are involved in a startup company. This is the first time such a programme is being offered at the undergraduate level in India.
Spectra
"Spectra" is a student initiative that promotes fine arts among the students of IIT Kharagpur. Spectra has organized workshops on Photoshop, Photography, Film Making, and Animation since its foundation in 2007. It has also organized all the fine arts events in Spring Fest since 2009 under the banner of "Destination Artland". The details of its events can be found at website.Space Technology Student Society
Space Technology Student Society(spAts) is a student initiative that functions as the student body of Kalpana Chawla Space Technology Cell(KCSTC),the contact point of Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) at IIT Kharagpur.It conducts an annual Space-festival "National Students' Space Challenge".FEES STRUCTURE
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